Diagnosis and management of dermatophytosis with the. Molecular and conventional taxonomy of the microsporum canis. Diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats. Microsporum canis infections are typically due to contact with an infected animal, mainly cats. Microsporum audouinii tinea capitis in a swiss school. Macroconidia are hyaline, multiseptate, variable in form, fusiform, spindleshaped to. Tinea barbae is an infection of the hairs and skin in the beard and mustache area, and is usually seen in men. A virulent genotype of microsporum canis is responsible for the.
The microsporum canis organism is so well adapted to cats that up to 20% of cats are thought to be asymptomatic carriers, meaning they have the organism but show no outward signs. In addition to clinical details, owners were questioned about the environment and management of all the cats sampled. General characteristics dermatophytes are cutaneous fungi which infect only the keratinized tissues by liberting keratinase enzyme which helps them to invade into keratinized tissue like stratum corneum layer of skin, hair and nail. Almost all clinical isolates are minus mating type. Neighbourjoining tree based on dc distance on the left. Microsporum canis is a pathogenic, asexual fungus in the phylum ascomycota that infects the upper, dead layers of skin on domesticated cats, and occasionally dogs and humans. Microsporum audouinii is an anthropophilic dermatophyte common in africa. Feline dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal skin disease. Veterinary pathology cd3 and cd20 coexpression in a case. It is a group of about 40 related fungi that belong to three genra. Zoophilic members of trichophyton include trichophyton equinum, t. Microscopic morphology microsporum audouinii produces pectinate hyphae and rare macro and microconidia. Pathogenic fungus microsporum canis activates the nlrp3.
The lesions included alopecia 1516, erythema 16, scales 1416, and crusts 16. A virulent genotype of microsporum canis is responsible. Epidemiological studies to reveal sources and routes of infection have been hampered by a lack of polymorphic molecular markers. The most commonly isolated pathogen is microsporum canis. The primary hosts of anthropophilic species are human beings but they may also cause infection in animals. Microsporum is a genus of fungi that causes tinea capitis, tinea corporis, ringworm, and other dermatophytoses fungal infections of the skin. The validity of taxa around microsporum canis was evaluated by a combination of. Some causative organisms invade the hair and hair follicles, while others e. Microsporum ferrugineum, an uncommon causative agent of dermatophytosis, has restricted endemicity.
Contaminated soil is a common source of infection, as are other animals infested with ringworm. The lesions of tinea barbae may include scaling, follicular pustules and erythema. This fact makes this pathogen both anthrophilic and zoophilic in nature. Microbiology and genetics for the opportunity of joining the department and for providing the. It typically causes tinea capitis and tinea corporis in children. Infections in kittens and puppies often result in scaly lesions with hair loss around the face, paws, and body. Contagiousness among animal communities, high cost of treatment, difficulty of control measures, and the public health consequences of animal ringworm explain their great importance. Zoophilic microsporum species include microsporum canis, m. Pdf on dec 20, 2016, isaac karimi and others published the. The zoophilic dermatophyte species microsporum canis belongs to the arthroderma otae.
Microsporum canis is generally regarded as a zoophilic dermatophyte, but it often attacks humans. Most prevalent in children, it has been implicated in infections of the scalp and skin and occasionally nails. Microsporum canis memiliki konidia yang besar, berdinding kasar, multiseluler, berbentuk kumparan, dan terbentuk pada ujungujung hifa. Transmission from contaminated environments is not an efficient route of transmission. Dermatophytosis, more commonly known as ringworm, is actually a fungal infection that has nothing to do with worms. Microsporum forms both macroconidia large asexual reproductive structures and microconidia smaller asexual reproductive structures on short conidiophores. Microsporum canis microsporum gypseum microsporum nanum microsporum gallinae epidermopyton floccosum species and incidence human. Does microsporum canis ever produce macroconidia fuseaux during its parasitic life cycle in tinea capitis ringworm of the scalp. Microsporum canis is a cosmopolitan zoophilic dermatophyte usually acquired from infected dogs hence canis or cats. Dermatomicosis por microsporum canis en humanos y animales. Diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and. Five of six patients with m canis onychomycosis and one patient with m audouinii onychomycosis were adults with toenail involvement. A retrospective study of 16 cases of dermatophytosis due to microsporum persicolor in dogs is reported.
Pdf dermatomicosis por microsporum canis en humanos y. Invaded hairs show an ectothrix infection and fluoresce a bright greenishyellow under woods ultraviolet light. Abstract the tinea of the head is considered the more frequent micotic infection in. Mcanis is the most frequent fungal agent of cats and dogs and is also the most frequent agent of human tina capitis and often the agent of tina corporis.
A wide variety of dermatophytes have been isolated from animals, but a few zoophilic species are responsible for the. The reaction was stopped by combining the reaction mixture with 25. The zoophilic dermatophyte species microsporum canis belongs to the arthroderma otae complex and is known to mate with tester strains of that teleomorph species, at least in the laboratory. This presumptive identification can be confirmed by observing microscopically the spindleshaped macroconidia in which the terminal cell is tapered and slightly curved red arrow, and the attachment is a break away cell from. The animal can be asymptomatic though some infected hairs are present. The natural habitat of some of the microsporum spp.
From the reverse, it is salmon pink to peach or rose brown. Human infections are likely to be acquired from the fur of cats, dogs and horses. Animals can come into contact with infective fungal spores in the indoor or outdoor environment. Microsporum canis the cottony colony with the outer lemonpigmented apron is characteristic of microsporum canis. Strains were compared to reference strains to differentiate m. Macroconidia are abundant, thickwalled with many septa, up to 15. The antifungal efficacy of commonly used kennel disinfectants for large surfaces was tested using naturally infective material from untreated animals m. Microsporum canis is a fungal species that causes numerous forms of disease.
Microsporum is a filamentous keratinophilic fungus d ermatophytes. Microsporum canis was the only dermatophyte recovered and was isolated from four cats 2. Microsporum canis was isolated from longhaired cats with a ratio of 2. Microsporum canis microsporum canis is a fungal species that causes numerous forms of disease. Microsporum canis reproduces asexually by forming macroconidia that are asymmetrical, spherically shaped and have cell walls that are thick and coarsely roughened. Microsporum canis is a zoophilic dermatophyte of worldwide distribution and is a frequent cause of ringworm in humans, especially children. Microsporum canis an overview sciencedirect topics. Skin lesions were observed on the face in all cases, but also on other locations limbs, neck. Microsporum canis y poco frecuente por microsporum gypseum. Toward a novel multilocus phylogenetic taxonomy for the. Microsporum canis is a worldwide diffused zoophilic dermatophyte which causes clinical conditions often characterised by multifocal alopecia, scaling, and circular lesions in many animal species, including humans.
In cats and dogs, the three most common pathogens are microsporum canis, microsporum gypseum, and trichophyton spp. We have not found any mention of this possibility in the literature. A large variety of oral and topical antifungal protocols is available for treating m. The name refers to an asexual formtaxon that has been associated with four related biological species of fungi. The color of the colony is grayish white to tannish white and rarely rust. Microsporum canis bodin 1902, a zoophilic dermatophyte, has been reported to play. Microsporum is restricted to some species around m. Ringworm is actually an infection of the dead layer of the skin, hair, and nails. Microsporum infections of the nails jama dermatology. Comparative enzyme studies of microsporum canis and. It is the etiologic agent of roughly 98% of the cases of feline ringworm and about 70% of the cases of canine ringworm in north america 2. Dermatophytoses are one of the most frequent skin diseases of pets and livestock. Pdf the zoophilic dermatophyte species microsporum canis belongs to the. Nail infections from microsporum sp are exceedingly rare.
Teleomorph is an ascomycete called arthroderma otae. Pdf a virulent genotype of microsporum canis is responsible for. Due to the highly infective nature of this disease, animals should be isolated and the environment thoroughly disinfected. Microsporum gypseum is a soilassociated dermatophyte that occasionally is known to colonise and infect the upper dead layers of the skin of mammals. Dermatophytosis ringworm is a contagious fungal infection of skin caused. Background dermatophytosis ringworm is a superficial fungal infection of the skin and hair coat. While microsporum canis, a zoophilic dermatophyte, is still the most common cause of tinea capitis in europe, an increase in anthropophilic tinea capitis has been noted, mainly in urban areas. Ifu10865a page 1 of 5 dermatophyte identification chart terms for the chart below fungi. Microsporum gypseum fun with microbiology whats buggin.
Dermatophyte identification chart hardy diagnostics. Carter, in diagnostic procedure in veterinary bacteriology and mycology fifth edition, 1990. Though mostly well known for ringworm in pets and other animals, it is also known to infect humans. It is part of a group of fungi known as dermatophytes. Pdf the antifungal activities of rosemary against trichophyton. Microsporum canis is part of a family of fungi known as dermatophytes. Nucleated, sporebearing nonchlorophyll producing organisms which generally reproduce sexually and asexually, and whose filamentous, branched somatic structures are typically surrounded by rigid cell walls. Examples include trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton kanei, trichophyton schoenleini, trichophyton concentricum. The fungus can only live in dead keratin, the superficial layers of the skin.